《影子》，1847 年
the Shadow, 1847
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安徒生 1846 年在那不勒斯时写了《影子》的大部分内容。
Andersen wrote much of “the Shadow” in 1846 when he was in Naples.
在 6 月 8 日的一篇日记中，他抱怨道：“天气酷热难耐。我几乎不敢出门。”
In a diary entry of June 8, he plained: “the heat is pouring down. I hardly dare go outside.”
第二天，他宣称：“晚上，我开始写我的影子的故事。”
the following day, he announced: “In the evening, began writing the story of my shadow.”
注意所有格代词的使用，安徒生将自己塑造成来自 “寒冷地区” 的 “有学问的人”，这样《影子》就成了作者本人的一种反映 —— 或者说影子。
Note the use of the possessive pronoun, with Andersen cast as the “learned man” from “cold lands” so that “the Shadow” bees a reflection—or shadow—of its author.
这个故事标志着安徒生文学创作的一个真正转折点，因为它确立了他作为一个作品充满艺术与存在危机主题的作家的地位。
the tale marks a real turning point in Andersen’s literary production, for it establishes him as an author whose work is animated by the theme of artistic and existential crisis.
像他同时代的英国、欧洲和美国的作家一样，他对替身、影子、肖像和雕像着迷，在其中找到了探索分裂自我的隐喻。
Like his british, European, and American contemporaries, he became fascinated with doubles, shadows, portraits, and statues, finding in them metaphors for exploring the divided self.
自主的影子出现在许多 19 世纪的文学作品中，最着名的是阿德尔伯特?沙米索的《彼得?施莱米尔的奇妙故事》（1814 年），该书出版后不久就被译成多种语言。
the autonomous shadow has appeared in many nineteenth - century literary works, most notably Adelbert chamisso’s the marvelous Story of peter Schlemihl (1814), which was translated into many languages shortly after its publication.
1831 年安徒生到柏林旅行时遇到了沙米索，并在自传中提到他在这位有法国血统的普鲁士诗人身上找到了一位 “终生” 的朋友。
Andersen met chamisso when he traveled to berlin in 1831 and noted in his autobiography that he had found in the prussian poet of French descent a “life - long” friend.
安徒生通过将影子变成故事中的邪恶力量深化了沙米索的故事，暗示真正的威胁力量来自内部。
Andersen deepens chamisso’s story by turning the shadow into the sinister force of the tale, suggesting that truly menacing forces emerge from within.
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在气候非常炎热、太阳热力很强的地方，人们通常像桃花心木一样黑褐色；在最热的国家里，人们是黑人，有着黑色的皮肤。
In very hot climates, where the heat of the sun has great power, people are usually as brown as mahogany; and in the hottest countries they are negroes, with black skins.
一位有学问的人曾经从寒冷的北方地区到这些炎热的气候地区之一旅行，他原以为可以像在自己家乡一样四处漫游；但他很快就不得不改变想法了。
A learned man once travelled into one of these warm climates, from the cold regions of the north, and thought he would roam about as he did at home; but he soon had to change his opinion.
他发现，像所有明智的人一样，他必须整天待在屋子里，把每扇门窗都关上，这样一来屋子里看起来就好像所有人都在睡觉或者外出了。
he found that, like all sensible people, he must remain in the house during the whole day, with every window and door closed, so that it looked as if all in the house were asleep or absent.
他所住的狭窄街道上的房屋非常高大，从早到晚阳光都照射在房屋上，热得让人难以忍受。
the houses of the narrow street in which he lived were so lofty that the sun shone upon them from morning till evening, and it became quite unbearable.
这位来自寒冷地区的有学问的人既年轻又聪明；但他感觉自己就好像坐在烤炉里一样，变得非常疲惫虚弱，而且变得很瘦，以至于他的影子都萎缩了，变得比在家乡时小了很多。
this learned man from the cold regions was young as well as clever; but it seemed to him as if he were sitting in an oven, and he became quite exhausted and weak, and grew so thin that his shadow shrivelled up, and became much smaller than it had been at home.
太阳甚至把剩下的影子也带走了，直到傍晚日落之后他才又看到影子。
the sun took away even what was left of it, and he saw nothing of it till the evening, after sunset.
房间里一有了灯光，看到影子在墙上伸展开来，甚至伸展到天花板那么高，真的是一件很愉快的事；它真的需要好好伸展一下来恢复力量。
It was really a pleasure, as soon as the lights were brought into the room, to see the shadow stretch itself against the wall, even to the ceiling, so tall was it; and it really wanted a good stretch to recover its strength.
这位有学问的人有时也会到阳台上去伸展一下身体；当星星在晴朗美丽的天空中出现时，他就感觉精神振作了。
the learned man would sometimes go out into the balcony to stretch himself also; and as soon as the stars came forth in the clear, beautiful sky, he felt revived.
这个时候，街上所有的阳台上都开始有人出现；因为在炎热的气候里，每家的窗户都带有阳台，在那里他们可以呼吸夜晚清新的空气，这对即使是习惯了炎热、热得像桃花心木一样黑褐色的人来说也是非常必要的；于是街道呈现出一片非常热闹的景象。
people at this hour began to make their appearance in all the balconies in the street; for in warm climates every window has a balcony, in which they can breathe the fresh evening air, which is very necessary, even to those who are used to a heat that makes them as brown as mahogany; so that the street presented a very lively appearance.
这里有鞋匠、裁缝，还有各种各样的人坐在那里。
here were shoemakers, and tailors, and all sorts of people sitting.
在下面的街道上，他们搬出桌椅，点上数以百计的蜡烛，聊天唱歌，非常快活。
In the street beneath, they brought out tables and chairs, lighted candles by hundreds, talked and sang, and were very merry.
有人在散步，有马车在行驶，骡子挂着铃铛小跑着，“叮当，叮当” 地响着。
there were people walking, carriages driving, and mules trotting along, with their bells on the harness, “tingle, tingle,” as they went.
然后，伴随着庄严的音乐声和教堂的钟声，死者被送往墓地。
then the dead were carried to the grave with the sound of solemn music, and the tolling of the church bells.
街道上确实是一幅多姿多彩的生活场景。
It was indeed a scene of varied life in the street.
只有对面那座房子，也就是那位外国学者所住房子的对面那座，与这一切形成了鲜明的对比，因为那里十分寂静；然而有人住在那里，因为阳台上摆放着鲜花，在炎热的阳光下盛开得很美丽；而这除非是有人精心浇水是不可能的。
one house only, which was just opposite to the one in which the foreign learned man lived, formed a contrast to all this, for it was quite still; and yet somebody dwelt there, for flowers stood in the balcony, blooming beautifully in the hot sun; and this could not have been unless they had been watered carefully.
所以一定有人在房子里做这件事。
therefore some one must be in the house to do this.
通往阳台的门在晚上半开着；虽然前面的房间里一片漆黑，但可以听到从房子内部传来的音乐声。
the doors leading to the balcony were half opened in the evening; and although in the front room all was dark, music could be heard from the interior of the house.
这位外国学者觉得这音乐非常悦耳；但也许是他的幻想；因为在这些炎热的国家里，除了太阳的炎热之外，一切都让他感到愉悦。
the foreign learned man considered this music very delightful; but perhaps he fancied it; for everything in these warm countries pleased him, excepting the heat of the sun.
外国房东说他不知道是谁租了对面的房子 —— 在那里看不到任何人；至于那音乐，他觉得那似乎非常乏味，对他来说极其乏味。
the foreign landlord said he did not know who had taken the opposite house — nobody was to be seen there; and as to the music, he thought it seemed very tedious, to him most unmonly so.
“就好像有人在练习一首他弹不好的曲子；总是同一首曲子。
“It is just as if some one was practising a piece that he could not manage; it is always the same piece.
我想，他以为自己最终能够弹好；但我不这么认为，不管他弹多久。”
he thinks, I suppose, that he will be able to manage it at last; but I do not think so, however long he may play it.”
有一次，这个外国人在夜里醒来。
once the foreigner woke in the night.
他睡觉时通往阳台的门是开着的；风吹起了门前的窗帘，对面房子的阳台上出现了一片奇妙的亮光。
he slept with the door open which led to the balcony; the wind had raised the curtain before it, and there appeared a wonderful brightness over all in the balcony of the opposite house.
那些花看起来就像色彩最艳丽的火焰，花丛中站着一位美丽苗条的少女。
the flowers seemed like flames of the most gorgeous colors, and among the flowers stood a beautiful slender maiden.
对他来说，仿佛有光从她身上射出来，刺得他眼睛发花；但那时他刚从睡梦中醒来，刚刚睁开眼睛。
It was to him as if light streamed from her, and dazzled his eyes; but then he had only just opened them, as he awoke from his sleep.
他一跃而起下了床，然后轻轻地爬到窗帘后面。
with one spring he was out of bed, and crept softly behind the curtain.
但是她不见了 —— 亮光消失了；那些花不再像火焰了，尽管仍然和以前一样美丽。
but she was gone — the brightness had disappeared; the flowers no longer appeared like flames, although still as beautiful as ever.
门半掩着，从里面的一个房间传来如此甜美、如此动听的音乐，它引发了最迷人的思绪，并且以神奇的力量触动着感官。
the door stood ajar, and from an inner room sounded music so sweet and so lovely, that it produced the most enchanting thoughts, and acted on the senses with magic power.
谁能住在那里呢？真正的入口在哪里呢？
who could live there? where was the real entrance?
因为，无论是在街上还是在街边的小巷里，整个底层都是店铺相连；人们不可能总是从店铺里穿行。
for, both in the street and in the lane at the side, the whole ground floor was a continuation of shops; and people could not always be passing through them.
一天晚上，这个外国人坐在阳台上。他自己房间里有一盏灯亮着，就在他身后。
one evening the foreigner sat in the balcony. A light was burning in his own room, just behind him.
因此，他的影子投射到对面房子的墙上是很自然的；所以，当他坐在自己阳台的花丛中时，他一动，影子也跟着动。
It was quite natural, therefore, that his shadow should fall on the wall of the opposite house; so that, as he sat amongst the flowers on his balcony, when he moved, his shadow moved also.
“我想我的影子是对面能看到的唯一有生命的东西了，” 学者说；“看它坐在花丛中多惬意啊。
“I think my shadow is the only living thing to be seen opposite,” said the learned man; “see how pleasantly it sits among the flowers.
门只是半掩着；影子应该足够聪明，能够走进去四处看看，然后再回来告诉我它看到了什么。
the door is only ajar; the shadow ought to be clever enough to step in and look about him, and then to e back and tell me what he has seen.
你可以这样发挥作用，” 他开玩笑地说；“劳驾现在就进去，好吗？”
“You could make yourself useful in this way,” said he, jokingly; “be so good as to step in now, will you?”
然后他向影子点了点头，影子也回点了点头。
and then he nodded to the shadow, and the shadow nodded in return.
“现在去吧，但别一去不回。”
“Now go, but don’t stay away altogether.”
然后这个外国人站了起来，对面阳台上的影子也站了起来；外国人转身，影子也转身；要是有人看到的话，他们可能会看到，当学者回到自己房间并放下窗帘时，影子径直走进了对面阳台半掩着的门。
then the foreigner stood up, and the shadow on the opposite balcony stood up also; the foreigner turned round, the shadow turned; and if any one had observed, they might have seen it go straight into the half - opened door of the opposite balcony, as the learned man re - entered his own room, and let the curtain fall.
第二天早晨，他出去喝咖啡、看报纸。
the next morning he went out to take his coffee and read the newspapers.
“怎么回事？”他站在阳光下惊叫道。
“how is this?” he exclaimed, as he stood in the sunshine.
“我把我的影子弄丢了。所以它昨天晚上真的走了，而且还没有回来。这很让人恼火。”
“I have lost my shadow. So it really did go away yesterday evening, and it has not returned. this is very annoying.”
这确实让他烦恼，倒不是因为影子不见了，而是因为他知道有一个关于没有影子的人的故事。
And it certainly did vex him, not so much because the shadow was gone, but because he knew there was a story of a man without a shadow.
他家乡的所有人都知道这个故事；等他回去讲述自己的经历时，他们会说这只是模仿；而他可不想被人这么说。
All the people at home, in his country, knew this story; and when he returned, and related his own adventures, they would say it was only an imitation; and he had no desire for such things to be said of him.
所以他决定完全不提这件事，这是个非常明智的决定。
So he decided not to speak of it at all, which was a very sensible determination.
晚上他又来到阳台，小心地把灯放在身后；因为他知道影子总是需要它的主人做遮挡物；但是他没法把影子引出来。
In the evening he went out again on his balcony, taking care to place the light behind him; for he knows that a shadow always wants his master for a screen; but he could not entice him out.
他把身子缩小，又把身子伸长；但是没有影子，影子也没有出现。
he made himself little, and he made himself tall; but there was no shadow, and no shadow came.
他说：“哼，哼；” 但这都没有用。
he said, “hem, a - hem;” but it was all useless.
这很让人生气；但是在炎热的国家里，万物生长得都很快；一个星期过去了，当他在阳光下行走时，他非常高兴地看到从他的脚边又长出了一个新影子；所以根肯定还在。
that was very vexatious; but in warm countries everything grows very quickly; and, after a week had passed, he saw, to his great joy, that a new shadow was growing from his feet, when he walked in the sunshine; so that the root must have remained.
三个星期后，他有了一个相当不错的影子，在他返回北方的旅途中，这个影子继续生长，最后变得非常大，大到他完全可以分出去一半。
After three weeks, he had quite a respectable shadow, which, during his return journey to northern lands, continued to grow, and became at last so large that he might very well have spared half of it.
当这位学者回到家后，他写了关于这个世界上存在的真、善、美的书籍；就这样，日子和年头过去了 —— 许多许多年。
when this learned man arrived at home, he wrote books about the true, the good, and the beautiful, which are to be found in this world; and so days and years passed — many, many years.
一天晚上，当他坐在书房里时，听到轻轻的敲门声。
one evening, as he sat in his study, a very gentle tap was heard at the door.
“进来，” 他说；但是没有人进来。
“e in,” said he; but no one came.
他打开门，面前站着一个非常消瘦的人，这人的模样让他深感忧虑。
he opened the door, and there stood before him a man so remarkably thin that he felt seriously troubled at his appearance.
然而，他穿着非常得体，看起来像个绅士。
he was, however, very well dressed, and looked like a gentleman.
“请问您是哪位？”他说道。
“to whom have I the honor of speaking?” said he.
“啊，我原以为你会认出我来，” 这位优雅的陌生人说；“我收获了很多，我有了肉身，还有衣服穿。
“Ah, I hoped you would recognize me,” said the elegant stranger; “I have gained so much that I have a body of flesh, and clothes to wear.
你从没想过会看到我处于这样的状况吧。
You never expected to see me in such a condition.
你难道认不出你的老影子了吗？
do you not recognize your old shadow?
啊，你从没想过我会再回到你身边吧。
Ah, you never expected that I should return to you again.
自从上次和你分别后，我一切顺利；我在各方面都变得富有了，如果我想花钱赎回自由身，我可以轻松做到。”
All has been prosperous with me since I was with you last; I have bee rich in every way, and, were I inclined to purchase my freedom from service, I could easily do so.”
他一边说着，一边用手指拨弄着挂在他脖子上粗金表链上的许多昂贵小饰品，发出哗啦哗啦的声音。
And as he spoke he rattled between his fingers a number of costly trinkets which hung to a thick gold watch - chain he wore round his neck.
钻石戒指在他手指上闪闪发光，而且都是真货。
diamond rings sparkled on his fingers, and it was all real.
“我惊得缓不过神来，” 学者说。“这一切是怎么回事？”
“I cannot recover from my astonishment,” said the learned man.“what does all this mean?”
“有点不同寻常，” 影子说；“但你自己就是个非凡的人，而且你很清楚，自从你小时候起，我就一直追随你的脚步。
“Something rather unusual,” said the shadow; “but you are yourself an unmon man, and you know very well that I have followed in your footsteps ever since your childhood.
一旦你发现我游历够多、可以被单独信任了，我就走自己的路了，而我现在正处于最辉煌的境遇之中。
As soon as you found that I have travelled enough to be trusted alone, I went my own way, and I am now in the most brilliant circumstances.
但我有一种渴望，想在你去世之前再见你一面，而且我想再看看这个地方，因为人总是对自己的出生地有一种眷恋。
but I felt a kind of longing to see you once more before you die, and I wanted to see this place again, for there is always a clinging to the land of one’s birth.
我知道你现在有了另一个影子；我欠你什么吗？
I know that you have now another shadow; do I owe you anything?
如果是的话，请好心告诉我是什么。”
If so, have the goodness to say what it is.”
“不！真的是你吗？”学者说道。
“No! Is it really you?” said the learned man.
“嗯，这太不寻常了；我从没想过一个人的旧影子能变成人。”
“well, this is most remarkable; I never supposed it possible that a man’s old shadow could bee a human being.”
“就告诉我我欠你什么，” 影子说，“因为我不想欠任何人的债。”
“Just tell me what I owe you,” said the shadow, “for I do not like to be in debt to any man.”
“你怎么能这样说话呢？”学者说。“我们之间怎么会有债务问题呢？”
“how can you talk in that manner?” said the learned man. “what question of debt can there be between us?
你和任何人一样自由。
You are as free as any one.
听到你的好运，我非常高兴。
I rejoice exceedingly to hear of your good fortune.
坐下吧，老朋友，给我讲讲这是怎么发生的，以及我们在那些炎热的地方时，你在我对面的房子里看到了什么。”
Sit down, old friend, and tell me a little of how it happened, and what you saw in the house opposite to me while we were in those hot climates.”
“是的，我会把一切都告诉你，” 影子说着坐了下来；“但是你必须答应我，无论在这个城市的什么地方遇到我，都不要说我曾经是你的影子。
“Yes, I will tell you all about it,” said the shadow, sitting down; “but then you must promise me never to tell in this city, wherever you may meet me, that I have been your shadow.
我正在考虑结婚，因为我有足够多的钱来养家了。
I am thinking of being married, for I have more than sufficient to support a family.”
“放心吧，” 学者说；“我不会告诉任何人你到底是谁。
“make yourself quite easy,” said the learned man; “I will tell no one who you really are.
这是我的手 —— 我保证，人与人之间一句话就足够了。
here is my hand, — I promise, and a word is sufficient between man and man.”
“人和影子之间。” 影子说道，因为他忍不住这样说。
“between man and a shadow,” said the shadow; for he could not help saying so.
他在外表上变得多么像一个人了，这真的非常不寻常。
It was really most remarkable how very much he had bee a man in appearance.
他穿着一套非常精致的黑色衣服，锃亮的靴子，戴着一顶歌剧帽，这种帽子可以折叠起来，这样除了帽顶和帽檐，就什么都看不到了，此外还有前面提到过的小饰品、金链子和钻石戒指。
he was dressed in a suit of the very finest black cloth, polished boots, and an opera crush hat, which could be folded together so that nothing could be seen but the crown and the rim, besides the trinkets, the gold chain, and the diamond rings already spoken of.
影子实际上穿着非常得体，这让他像个真正的人了。
the shadow was, in fact, very well dressed, and this made a man of him.
“现在我要告诉你你想知道的事情。” 影子说，他把穿着锃亮皮靴的脚尽可能稳地踩在学者的新影子的手臂上，那新影子像一只卷毛狗似的趴在他脚边。
“Now I will relate to you what you wish to know,” said the shadow, placing his foot with the polished leather boot as firmly as possible on the arm of the new shadow of the learned man, which lay at his feet like a poodle dog.
他这样做，可能是出于骄傲，或者也许是想让新影子依附于他，但是趴在地上的影子非常安静地躺着，以便能听他讲述，因为它想知道一个影子是如何被它的主人赶走，然后自己变成人的。
this was done, it might be from pride, or perhaps that the new shadow might cling to him, but the prostrate shadow remained quite quiet and at rest, in order that it might listen, for it wanted to know how a shadow could be sent away by its master, and bee a man itself.
“你知道吗，” 影子说，“在你对面的房子里住着世界上最光辉的人？那就是诗歌。
“do you know,” said the shadow, “that in the house opposite to you lived the most glorious creature in the world? It was poetry.
我在那里待了三个星期，感觉却像三千年，因为我读了所有用诗歌或散文写就的作品；而且我可以说实话，我看到和学到了一切。”
I remained there three weeks, and it was more like three thousand years, for I read all that has ever been written in poetry or prose; and I may say, in truth, that I saw and learnt everything.”
“诗歌！” 学者叫道。
“poetry!” exclaimed the learned man.
“是的，她像隐士一样生活在大城市里。
“Yes, she lives as a hermit in great cities.
诗歌！嗯，我曾在眼皮沉重得快要睡着的瞬间看到过她一眼。
poetry! well, I saw her once for a very short moment, while sleep weighed down my eyelids.
她像绚丽的北极光一样从阳台上闪现于我眼前，周围环绕着像火焰般的花朵。
She flashed upon me from the balcony like the radiant aurora borealis, surrounded with flowers like flames of fire.
告诉我，那天晚上你在阳台上；你穿过那扇门后，看到了什么？
tell me, you were on the balcony that evening; you went through the door, and what did you see?”
“我发现自己在一个前厅里。” 影子说。
“I found myself in an ante - room,” said the shadow.
“你还坐在我对面，往房间里看。
“You still sat opposite to me, looking into the room.
那里没有灯光，或者至少看起来有些昏暗，因为一整套房间的门都开着，而那些房间里灯火辉煌。
there was no light, or at least it seemed in partial darkness, for the door of a whole suite of rooms stood open, and they were brilliantly lighted.
如果我自己离那位少女太近的话，那强光会要了我的命，但我很谨慎，不慌不忙，这是每个人都应该做的。”
the blaze of light would have killed me, had I approached too near the maiden myself, but I was cautious, and took time, which is what every one ought to do.”
“你看到了什么？” 学者问道。
“And what didst thou see?”
asked the learned man.
“我看到了一切，你听我讲。但是 —— 作为一个自由人，拥有我所拥有的知识，还有我的地位，更不用说我的财富了，这真的不是我骄傲 —— 我希望你对我用‘you’而不是‘thou’。”
“I saw everything, as you shall hear. but — it really is not pride on my part, as a free man and possessing the knowledge that I do, besides my position, not to speak of my wealth — I wish you would say you to me instead of thou.”
“对不起。” 学者说；“这是个很难改掉的老习惯。你说得很对；我会尽量注意的。但现在告诉我你看到的一切吧。”
“I beg your pardon,” said the learned man; “it is an old habit, which it is difficult to break. You are quite right; I will try to think of it. but now tell me everything that you saw.”
“一切。” 影子说；“因为我看到了并且知道一切。”
“Everything,” said the shadow; “for I saw and know everything.”
“里面房间的样子是怎样的？” 学者问。
“what was the appearance of the inner rooms?”
asked the scholar.
“那里像凉爽的树林，还是像神圣的庙宇？那些房间像从高山顶上看到的星空吗？”
“was it there like a cool grove, or like a holy temple? were the chambers like a starry sky seen from the top of a high mountain?”
“你描述的那些都有，” 影子说，“但我没有完全进去 —— 我待在前厅的昏暗中 —— 但我的位置很好 —— 我能看到和听到诗歌殿堂里发生的一切。”
“It was all that you describe,” said the shadow; “but I did not go quite in — I remained in the twilight of the ante - room — but I was in a very good position, — I could see and hear all that was going on in the court of poetry.”
“但你看到了什么？古代的神灵是否穿过那些房间？昔日的英雄是否再次征战？是否有可爱的孩子在玩耍，讲述着他们的梦境？”
“but what did you see? did the gods of ancient times pass through the rooms? did old heroes fight their battles over again? were there lovely children at play, who related their dreams?”
“我告诉你我去过那里，所以你可以确定我看到了所有能看到的东西。
“I tell you I have been there, and therefore you may be sure that I saw everything that was to be seen.
如果你去了那里，你就不会再是一个凡人了，而我却变成了人；就在那一刻，我意识到了自己的内在本质，我与诗歌本质与生俱来的亲和力。
If you had gone there, you would not have remained a human being, whereas I became one; and at the same moment I became aware of my inner being, my inborn affinity to the nature of poetry.
的确，和你在一起的时候我没怎么想过这些，但你会记得，日出日落的时候我总是变得很大，月光下甚至比你更显眼，但那时我不明白自己的内在本质。
It is true I did not think much about it while I was with you, but you will remember that I was always much larger at sunrise and sunset, and in the moonlight even more visible than yourself, but I did not then understand my inner existence.
在前厅里，这一点向我揭示了。
In the ante - room it was revealed to me.
我变成了一个人；我完全成熟地出现了。
I became a man; I came out in full maturity.
但你已经离开了那些炎热的国家。
but you had left the warm countries.
作为一个人，我觉得没穿靴子或衣服就四处走动很羞耻，而这些外在的修饰是人的标志。
As a man, I felt ashamed to go about without boots or clothes, and that exterior finish by which man is known.
所以我走自己的路；我可以告诉你，因为你不会把它写进书里。
So I went my own way; I can tell you, for you will not put it in a book.
我躲在一个卖糕点的女人的斗篷下面，但她根本想不到她藏着谁。
I hid myself under the cloak of a cake woman, but she little thought who she concealed.
直到晚上我才敢出来。
It was not till evening that I ventured out.
我在月光下的街道上奔跑。
I ran about the streets in the moonlight.
我在墙上把自己伸展到最高，这让我的后背痒得很舒服。
I drew myself up to my full height upon the walls, which tickled my back very pleasantly.
我四处奔跑，透过最高处的窗户往房间里看，还看屋顶上的情况。
I ran here and there, looked through the highest windows into the rooms, and over the roofs.
我往里看，看到了别人看不到，或者说确实不该看到的东西；事实上，这是个糟糕的世界，要不是人还有点重要性，我可不想成为人。
I looked in, and saw what nobody else could see, or indeed ought to see; in fact, it is a bad world, and I would not care to be a man, but that men are of some importance.
我看到了夫妻之间、父母与孩子之间发生的最悲惨的事 —— 那些可爱又无比纯真的孩子。
I saw the most miserable things going on between husbands and wives, parents and children, — sweet, inparable children.
我看到了人类没有能力知道的事情，虽然他们都很想知道 —— 他们邻居的不良行为。
I have seen what no human being has the power of knowing, although they would all be very glad to know — the evil conduct of their neighbors.
要是我办了一份报纸，它将会被多么热切地阅读啊！然而，我直接写信给当事人本人，结果我所到的整个城镇都陷入了极大的恐慌。
had I written a newspaper, how eagerly it would have been read! Instead of which, I wrote directly to the persons themselves, and great alarm arose in all the town I visited.
他们非常害怕我，但又多么深爱我。
they had so much fear of me, and yet how dearly they loved me.
教授让我当上了教授。
the professor made me a professor.
裁缝给我新衣服；这样我在这方面就衣食无忧了。
the tailor gave me new clothes; I am well provided for in that way.
铸币厂的监工为我铸造钱币。
the overseer of the mint struck coins for me.
女人们都说我英俊，于是我就成了你现在看到的这个样子。
the women declared that I was handsome, and so I became the man you now see me.
现在我必须说再见了。
And now I must say adieu.
这是我的名片。
here is my card.
我住在街道向阳的一侧，下雨天总是待在家里。”
I live on the sunny side of the street, and always stay at home in rainy weather.”
然后影子就离开了。
And the shadow departed.
“这一切都非常不寻常。” 学者说道。
“this is all very remarkable,” said the learned man.
许多年过去了，日复一日，年复一年，影子又回来了。
Years passed, days and years went by, and the shadow came again.
“你现在过得怎么样？”他问道。
“how are you going on now?”he asked.
“啊！” 学者说；“我正在写关于真、善、美的东西；但是没有人愿意听这些。我非常绝望，因为我对此事非常在意。”
“Ah!” said the learned man; “I am writing about the true, the beautiful, and the good; but no one cares to hear anything about it.I am quite in despair, for I take it to heart very much.”
“我从不这样在意。” 影子说；“我长得又胖又壮，人人都应该这样。
“that is what I never do,” said the shadow; “I am growing quite fat and stout, which every one ought to be.
你不了解这个世界；你会为此把自己弄病的；你应该去旅行；我夏天要去旅行，你愿意和我一起去吗？
You do not understand the world; you will make yourself ill about it; you ought to travel; I am going on a journey in the summer, will you go with me?
我想要一个旅伴；你愿意作为我的影子和我一起旅行吗？
I should like a travelling panion; will you travel with me as my shadow?
这会让我非常高兴，而且我会支付所有费用。”
It would give me great pleasure, and I will pay all expenses.”
“你要去很远的地方旅行吗？”学者问道。
“Are you going to travel far?” asked the learned man.
“这要看怎么看了。” 影子回答说。“不管怎样，旅行对你有好处，如果你愿意做我的影子，那么你旅行的所有费用都由我来支付。”
“that is a matter of opinion,” replied the shadow. “At all events, a journey will do you good, and if you will be my shadow, then all your journey shall be paid.”
“在我看来这很荒谬。” 学者说。
“It appears to me very absurd,” said the learned man.
“但这就是世道。” 影子回答说，“而且永远都会是这样。” 然后他就走了。
“but it is the way of the world,” replied the shadow, “and always will be.”
then he went away.
学者诸事不顺。悲伤和烦恼缠着他，他所说的关于善、美和真的东西，对大多数人来说就像肉豆蔻对牛一样毫无价值。最后他生病了。
Everything went wrong with the learned man. Sorrow and trouble pursued him, and what he said about the good, the beautiful, and the true, was of as much value to most people as a nutmeg would be to a cow. At length he fell ill.
“你看起来真像个影子。” 人们对他说，然后他就会不寒而栗，因为他对这件事有自己的想法。
“You really look like a shadow,” people said to him, and then a cold shudder would pass over him, for he had his own thoughts on the subject.
“你真的应该去某个温泉疗养地。” 影子下次来访时说。“你没有别的机会了。
“You really ought to go to some watering - place,” said the shadow on his next visit.“there is no other chance for you.
看在老交情的份上，我会带上你。
I will take you with me, for the sake of old acquaintance.
我会支付你旅行的费用，你要写一篇游记来在路上供我们消遣。
I will pay the expenses of your journey, and you shall write a description of it to amuse us by the way.
我想去一个温泉疗养地；我的胡子长得不像应有的那样，这是因为身体虚弱，我必须得有胡子。
I should like to go to a watering - place; my beard does not grow as it ought, which is from weakness, and I must have a beard.
现在理智点，接受我的提议吧；我们将像亲密的朋友一样旅行。”
Now do be sensible and accept my proposal; we shall travel as intimate friends.”
最后他们一起出发了。
And at last they started together.
现在影子成了主人，而主人变成了影子。
the shadow was master now, and the master became the shadow.
他们一起驾车，一起骑马、散步，并肩同行，或者根据太阳的位置一个在前一个在后。
they drove together, and rode and walked in pany with each other, side by side, or one in front and the other behind, according to the position of the sun.
影子总是知道何时该占据尊贵的位置，但学者没有注意到这一点，因为他心地善良，非常温和友好。
the shadow always knew when to take the place of honor, but the learned man took no notice of it, for he had a good heart, and was exceedingly mild and friendly.
一天，主人对影子说：“我们从小一起长大，现在我们成了旅伴，我们难道不该为我们的友谊干杯，并且互相以‘thee’和‘thou’相称吗？”
one day the master said to the shadow, “we have grown up together from our childhood, and now that we have bee travelling panions, shall we not drink to our good fellowship, and say thee and thou to each other?”
“你说的话非常直率，也是好意。” 现在真正是主人的影子说。“我也会同样友善和直率。
“what you say is very straightforward and kindly meant,” said the shadow, who was now really master.“I will be equally kind and straightforward.
你是个学者，知道人性是多么奇妙。
You are a learned man, and know how wonderful human nature is.
有些人无法忍受牛皮纸的气味；这气味会让他们生病。
there are some men who cannot endure the smell of brown paper; it makes them ill.
如果用钉子在窗玻璃上划一下，其他人会感到骨髓里都在颤抖。
others will feel a shuddering sensation to their very marrow, if a nail is scratched on a pane of glass.
当我听到有人对我用‘thou’称呼时，我自己也有类似的感觉。
I myself have a similar kind of feeling when I hear any one say thou to me.
我感觉被它压垮了，就像我以前在你身边时的那种感觉。
I feel crushed by it, as I used to feel in my former position with you.
你会明白这是个感觉的问题，而不是骄傲。
You will perceive that this is a matter of feeling, not pride.
我不能让你对我用‘thou’称呼；我很乐意对您用这个称呼，这样您的愿望就实现一半了。”
I cannot allow you to say thou to me; I will gladly say it to you, and therefore your wish will be half fulfilled.”
然后影子对他以前的主人用‘thou’称呼。
then the shadow addressed his former master as thou.
“这太过分了，” 后者说，“我跟他说话时得用‘you’，而他却对我用‘thou’。”
“It is going rather too far,” said the latter, “that I am to say you when I speak to him, and he is to say thou to me.”
然而，他不得不服从。
however, he was obliged to submit.
他们终于到达了温泉浴场，那里有很多陌生人，其中有一位美丽的公主，她真正的毛病在于目光过于敏锐，这让每个人都很不自在。
they arrived at length at the baths, where there were many strangers, and among them a beautiful princess, whose real disease consisted in being too sharp - sighted, which made every one very uneasy.
她立刻就看出这个新来的人和其他人很不一样。
She saw at once that the new er was very different to every one else.
“他们说他来这儿是为了让胡子长出来，” 她想，“但我知道真正的原因，他不能投射出影子。”
“they say he is here to make his beard grow,” she thought; “but I know the real cause, he is unable to cast a shadow.”
于是她对这件事变得非常好奇，有一天，在散步的时候，她和这位陌生的绅士交谈起来。
then she became very curious on the matter, and one day, while on the promenade, she entered into conversation with the strange gentleman.
作为公主，她不必过于拘泥于礼节，所以她毫不犹豫地对他说：“你的毛病在于不能投射出影子。”
being a princess, she was not obliged to stand upon much ceremony, so she said to him without hesitation, “Your illness consists in not being able to cast a shadow.”
“公主殿下您一定快要从您的疾病中康复了。” 他说。“我知道您的病是因为目光太敏锐引起的，在这件事上您完全看错了。
“Your royal highness must be on the high road to recovery from your illness,” said he.“I know your plaint arose from being too sharp - sighted, and in this case it has entirely failed.
我碰巧有一个非常不寻常的影子。
I happen to have a most unusual shadow.
您难道没有看到一个总是在我身边的人吗？
have you not seen a person who is always at my side?
人们常常给他们的仆人做制服的布料比给自己做衣服的布料还好，所以我把我的影子打扮得像个人一样；不仅如此，您可以看到我甚至给了他一个属于他自己的影子；这相当昂贵，但我喜欢身边有独特的东西。”
persons often give their servants finer cloth for their liveries than for their own clothes, and so I have dressed out my shadow like a man; nay, you may observe that I have even given him a shadow of his own; it is rather expensive, but I like to have things about me that are peculiar.”
“这是怎么回事？”公主想；“我真的痊愈了吗？
“how is this?”thought the princess; “am I really cured?
这一定是世上最好的温泉疗养地。
this must be the best watering - place in existence.
我们这个时代的水肯定有神奇的功效。
water in our times has certainly wonderful power.
但我还不想离开这个地方，因为这里才刚刚开始变得有趣。
but I will not leave this place yet, just as it begins to be amusing.
这位外国王子 —— 因为他肯定是一位王子 —— 是最让我喜欢的。
this foreign prince — for he must be a prince — pleases me above all things.
我只希望他的胡子不要长出来，否则他会马上离开的。”
I only hope his beard won’t grow, or he will leave at once.”
晚上，公主和影子在宽敞的会客厅里一起跳舞。
In the evening, the princess and the shadow danced together in the large assembly rooms.
她很轻盈，但他更轻盈；她以前从未见过这样的舞者。
She was light, but he was lighter still; she had never seen such a dancer before.
她告诉他自己来自哪个国家，发现他知道那个国家并且去过那里，不过不是在她在家的时候。
She told him from what country she had e, and found he knew it and had been there, but not while she was at home.
他窥视过她父亲宫殿的窗户，上下层的窗户都看过；他看到过很多东西，因此能够回答公主的问题，并且所做的暗示让她非常惊讶。
he had looked into the windows of her father’s palace, both the upper and the lower windows; he had seen many things, and could therefore answer the princess, and make allusions which quite astonished her.
她觉得他一定是世界上最聪明的人，并且对他的学识充满了敬意。
She thought he must be the cleverest man in all the world, and felt the greatest respect for his knowledge.
当她再次和他跳舞时，她爱上了他，影子很快就察觉到了这一点，因为她的眼神已经把他看透了。
when she danced with him again she fell in love with him, which the shadow quickly discovered, for she had with her eyes looked him through and through.
他们又跳了一次舞，她差点就告诉他自己的爱意了，但她还有些谨慎；她想到了自己的国家、自己的王国，以及有朝一日她将统治的众多子民。
they danced once more, and she was nearly telling him, but she had some discretion; she thought of her country, her kingdom, and the number of people over whom she would one day have to rule.
“他是个聪明人，” 她暗自想道，“这是件好事，而且他舞跳得非常棒，这也很好。
“he is a clever man,” she thought to herself, “which is a good thing, and he dances admirably, which is also good.
但他有扎实的知识吗？
but has he well - grounded knowledge?
这是个重要的问题，我必须考考他。”
that is an important question, and I must try him.”
然后她问了他一个极难的问题，她自己都答不上来，影子做了一个非常奇怪的鬼脸。
then she asked him a most difficult question, she herself could not have answered it, and the shadow made a most unaccountable grimace.
“你答不上来这个问题。” 公主说。
“You cannot answer that,” said the princess.
“我小时候学过一些相关的知识，” 他回答道；“而且我相信，就连站在那边门口的我的影子都能回答这个问题。”
“I learnt something about it in my childhood,” he replied; “and believe that even my very shadow, standing over there by the door, could answer it.”
“你的影子，” 公主说；“那可真太了不起了。”
“Your shadow,” said the princess; “indeed that would be very remarkable.”
“我不敢十分肯定，” 影子说；“但我倾向于相信他能做到。
“I do not say so positively,” observed the shadow; “but I am inclined to believe that he can do so.
他跟随我这么多年了，从我这儿听到了很多东西，所以我觉得很有可能。
he has followed me for so many years, and has heard so much from me, that I think it is very likely.
但公主殿下必须允许我说明一点，他非常骄傲于被当作一个人，为了让他心情好，这样他才能正确作答，必须把他当作一个人来对待。”
but your royal highness must allow me to observe, that he is very proud of being considered a man, and to put him in a good humor, so that he may answer correctly, he must be treated as a man.”
“我很乐意这么做。” 公主说。
“I shall be very pleased to do so,” said the princess.
于是她走向站在门口的学者，和他谈起太阳、月亮、绿色的森林，以及近处和远方的人们；学者和她愉快而明智地交谈着。
So she walked up to the learned man, who stood in the doorway, and spoke to him of the sun, and the moon, of the green forests, and of people near home and far off; and the learned man conversed with her pleasantly and sensibly.
“他一定是个了不起的人，才会有这么聪明的影子！” 她想。“如果我选择他，这对我的国家和臣民来说将是真正的福祉，我会这么做的。”
“what a wonderful man he must be, to have such a clever shadow!” thought she. “If I were to choose him it would be a real blessing to my country and my subjects, and I will do it.”
于是公主和影子很快就订婚了，但在她回到自己的王国之前，谁也不许知道一个字。
So the princess and the shadow were soon engaged to each other, but no one was to be told a word about it, till she returned to her kingdom.
“谁也不许知道，” 影子说；“连我自己的影子也不行；” 他这么说有非常特别的理由。
“No one shall know,” said the shadow; “not even my own shadow;” and he had very particular reasons for saying so.
过了一段时间，公主回到了她统治的国家，影子陪伴着她。
After a time, the princess returned to the land over which she reigned, and the shadow acpanied her.
“听着，我的朋友，” 影子对学者说；“现在我已经无比幸运和强大了，我要为你做一件非常好的事。
“Listen my friend,” said the shadow to the learned man; “now that I am as fortunate and as powerful as any man can be, I will do something unusually good for you.
你可以住在我的宫殿里，和我一起乘坐皇家马车出行，每年有十万美元的收入；但你必须允许每个人都称呼你为影子，而且永远不要冒险说你曾经是一个人。
You shall live in my palace, drive with me in the royal carriage, and have a hundred thousand dollars a year; but you must allow every one to call you a shadow, and never venture to say that you have been a man.
而且每年一次，当我坐在阳光下的阳台上时，你必须像影子该做的那样躺在我的脚边；因为我必须告诉你，我要和公主结婚了，我们的婚礼就在今晚举行。”
And once a year, when I sit in my balcony in the sunshine, you must lie at my feet as bees a shadow to do; for I must tell you I am going to marry the princess, and our wedding will take place this evening.”
“哼，这实在是太荒谬了。” 学者说。“我不能，也不会屈从于这种愚蠢的行为。
“Now, really, this is too ridiculous,” said the learned man. “I cannot, and will not, submit to such folly.
这将是欺骗整个国家，还有公主。
It would be cheating the whole country, and the princess also.
我要揭露一切，说我才是那个人，而你只是一个穿着人衣服的影子。”
I will disclose everything, and say that I am the man, and that you are only a shadow dressed up in men’s clothes.”
“没有人会相信你的，” 影子说；“理智点吧，不然我就要叫卫兵了。”
“No one would believe you,” said the shadow; “be reasonable, now, or I will call the guards.”
“我要直接去找公主。” 学者说。
“I will go straight to the princess,” said the learned man.
“但我会先到那里，” 影子回答说，“而你会被送进监狱。”
“but I shall be there first,” replied the shadow, “and you will be sent to prison.”
结果就是这样，因为卫兵们很乐意服从他，因为他们知道他即将迎娶国王的女儿。
And so it turned out, for the guards readily obeyed him, as they knew he was going to marry the king’s daughter.
“你在发抖，” 当影子出现在公主面前时，公主说。“发生什么事了吗？你今天可不能生病，因为今晚我们就要举行婚礼了。”
“You tremble,” said the princess, when the shadow appeared before her. You must not be ill to - day, for this evening our wedding will take place.”
“我经历了可能发生的最可怕的事情，” 影子说；“想象一下，我的影子发疯了；我想这么一个可怜、浅薄的头脑，承受不了太多；他幻想自己变成了一个真正的人，而我是他的影子。”
“I have gone through the most terrible affair that could possibly happen,” said the shadow; “only imagine, my shadow has gone mad; I suppose such a poor, shallow brain, could not bear much; he fancies that he has bee a real man, and that I am his shadow.”
“多么可怕啊，” 公主叫道；“他被关起来了吗？”
“how very terrible,” cried the princess; “is he locked up?”
“哦，是的，当然；因为我担心他永远也不会恢复正常了。”
“oh yes, certainly; for I fear he will never recover.”
“可怜的影子！” 公主说；“这对他来说太不幸了；把他从这脆弱的生命中解脱出来确实是一件好事；而且，说实在的，当我想到如今人们多么经常地站在下层阶级一边反对上层阶级时，悄悄把他除掉倒是一种策略。”
“poor shadow!” said the princess; “it is very unfortunate for him; it would really be a good deed to free him from his frail existence; and, indeed, when I think how often people take the part of the lower class against the higher, in these days, it would be policy to put him out of the way quietly.”
“这对他来说确实相当残酷，因为他是一个忠实的仆人。” 影子说；然后他假装叹了口气。
“It is certainly rather hard upon him, for he was a faithful servant,” said the shadow; and he pretended to sigh.
“你的品格很高尚。” 公主说，并向他鞠躬。
“Yours is a noble character,” said the princess, and bowed herself before him.
晚上，整个城镇灯火通明，大炮轰鸣“轰”，士兵们举枪致敬。
In the evening the whole town was illuminated, and cannons fired “boom,” and the soldiers presented arms.
这确实是一场盛大的婚礼。
It was indeed a grand wedding.
公主和影子走到阳台上露面，接受人们更多的欢呼。
the princess and the shadow stepped out on the balcony to show themselves, and to receive one cheer more.
但是学者没有听到所有这些庆祝活动的声音，因为他已经被处决了。
but the learned man heard nothing of all these festivities, for he had already been executed.